Everywhere in the world women live longer than men – but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn’t live longer than men in the 19th century. What’s the main reason women have a longer life span than men? And how the advantage has grown over time? The evidence is sketchy and we have only incomplete answers. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women are healthier than men; however, زيوت تطويل الشعر we do not know how strong the relative contribution of each one of these factors is.
It is known that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. However this is not because of certain non-biological aspects have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women’s longevity disproportionately.
Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her brothers.
This chart is interesting in that it shows that, while the advantage for women exists in all countries, country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than males; while in Bhutan the gap is less than half an hour.
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The female advantage in life expectancy was smaller in rich countries that it is today.
Let’s look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The chart below illustrates the male and female life expectancy at the time of birth in the US from 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.
First, there is an upward trend. Women and men in America live longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.
Second, there’s an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be very small however, زيوت تطويل الشعر it has increased significantly during the last century.
It is possible to verify that these points are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the “Change country” option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.
