Everywhere in the world women live longer than men – but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn’t live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live longer than men in the present, and why have these advantages gotten bigger over time? The evidence is limited and we only have partial answers. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women are healthier than men; but we don’t know exactly how significant the impact of each of these factors is.
We have learned that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. But, this is not because of certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women’s longevity disproportionately.
Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl in all countries can anticipate to live longer than her younger brother.
Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women exists across all countries, the cross-country differences are large. In Russia, women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan, the difference is only half a year.
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The advantage for women in life expectancy was smaller in the richer countries that it is today.
Let’s examine how the gender advantage in longevity has changed with time. The next chart compares male and female life expectancy at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور out.
The first is that there is an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.
The gap is getting wider: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was very small It has significantly increased with time.
Using the option ‘Change country’ on the chart, check that these two points are applicable to other countries that have available data: Sweden, France and the UK.
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Why women are more likely to live longer than men? 4 years ago